Road Conditions: Los Alerces National Park
Navigate the stunning landscapes of Los Alerces National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Argentinian Patagonia. This guide covers everything from winding gravel roads to essential safety tips for an unforgettable driving adventure amidst ancient forests and pristine lakes.
Los Alerces National Park, located in the Chubut province of Argentina, is a jewel of Patagonian wilderness, renowned for its ancient Alerce forests, towering mountains, and turquoise lakes. Driving through the park offers unparalleled access to its natural wonders. However, the road network primarily consists of gravel (ripio) sections, demanding careful driving and appropriate vehicle choice. This guide provides practical, detailed information to ensure a safe and enjoyable journey through this breathtaking region.
Main Roads
| Road | From | To | Distance | Surface | Condition | Hazards | Seasonal Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruta Nacional 40 | El Bolsón / Bariloche (North) or Gobernador Costa (South) | Esquel | Varies significantly (e.g., 280 km from Bariloche) | paved | good | strong crosswinds, occasional potholes, wildlife crossings (guanacos, cattle) | Generally well-maintained year-round. Can be affected by snow and ice in winter, potentially requiring chains on specific high-altitude sections (check local reports). |
| Ruta Provincial 71 (main park road) | Southern Park Entrance (near Trevelin/RN259 junction) | Northern Park Entrance (near Cholila) | Approximately 60 km within the park | gravel | variable | loose gravel (ripio), washboarding, dust, sharp turns, narrow sections, wildlife crossings | The primary internal road. Conditions vary greatly with weather and recent maintenance. Can be very dusty in summer, muddy/slippery in rain, and impassable due to snow/ice in winter. Check park conditions daily. |
| Access Road to Lago Futalaufquen (Puerto Limonao & Villa Futalaufquen) | Ruta Provincial 71 | Puerto Limonao / Villa Futalaufquen | Approx. 5-15 km | mixed | good | pedestrians, wildlife crossings | Paved near the visitor center, then transitioning to well-maintained gravel. Generally accessible, but can be slippery with ice in winter. |
| Access Road to Lago Rivadavia / Río Arrayanes Pasarela | Ruta Provincial 71 | Lago Rivadavia / Pasarela sobre Río Arrayanes | Approx. 10 km | gravel | fair | loose gravel, narrow sections, dust in dry conditions | Generally open in summer and autumn. May be challenging in very wet conditions or closed in winter due to snow. |
Fuel Stations
| Name | Location | Distance | Hours | Payment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YPF Esquel | Avenida Alvear & Avenida Ameghino, Esquel | 0 km (city center) | 24/7 | Cash, Credit, Debit |
| AXION Energy Esquel | Ruta Nacional 259, Esquel | 2 km (east of city center) | 24/7 | Cash, Credit, Debit |
| Puma Energy Esquel | Ruta Nacional 259, Esquel | 3 km (east of city center) | 07:00-23:00 | Cash, Credit, Debit |
| YPF Trevelin | Avenida San Martín, Trevelin | 0 km (city center) | 06:00-24:00 | Cash, Credit, Debit |
Maximum Fuel Gap: Approximately 150-200 km, covering a round trip through the park from Esquel/Trevelin. There are no fuel stations inside Los Alerces National Park. Always refuel in Esquel or Trevelin before entering the park.
Speed Limits
Urban
40-60 km/h (within towns like Esquel, Trevelin, Villa Futalaufquen)
Rural
80-110 km/h (on paved RN40)
Gravel
Officially 60 km/h on RP71, but often safer and recommended to drive 30-50 km/h depending on conditions due to loose gravel and washboarding.
Enforcement
Police checkpoints are common on RN40 and near major towns. Speed cameras are less frequent but can be present. Strict enforcement within the national park by Gendarmería Nacional.
Vehicle Requirements
Explanation: While paved roads (like RN40) are manageable with a sedan, the main internal park road (Ruta Provincial 71) and many access roads to viewpoints and campsites are primarily gravel (ripio). A vehicle with higher ground clearance and robust suspension (like an SUV) is highly recommended for comfort, safety, and to minimize the risk of damage from stones or rough patches. A 4x4 is ideal, especially for winter travel or exploring less-maintained tracks.
Winter Requirements: From June 1 to September 30, it is legally mandatory to have winter tires (M+S or dedicated winter tires) or to carry snow chains when driving in mountainous areas, including within Los Alerces National Park. Always check local regulations and forecasts.
Snow Chains: Snow chains are frequently mandatory on RP71 and other park roads during winter (June-September) and often in late autumn/early spring, depending on snow and ice conditions. Ensure you know how to fit them before travel. Rental car companies may offer them for an extra fee.
Driving Hazards
Wind
Frequent strong Patagonian crosswinds, especially on open sections of Ruta Nacional 40. These can significantly affect vehicle stability, requiring firm control of the steering wheel. Stay alert when passing large vehicles.
Animals
Cattle, horses, sheep, and guanacos are common on and near roads, particularly on rural and gravel sections, and even within the park. Drive cautiously, especially at dawn, dusk, and night, as animals can appear suddenly.
Flooding
Heavy rainfall, particularly in autumn and spring, can cause localized flooding, mudslides, and washouts on gravel roads, making them impassable or extremely challenging. Always check weather forecasts and road conditions before heading out.
Ice
Common from late autumn to early spring (May-October), especially in shaded areas, on bridges, and during early morning hours. Black ice is a significant hazard. Reduce speed dramatically and avoid sudden braking or steering in icy conditions.
Gravel
Loose gravel (ripio) on RP71 and other park roads reduces tire grip, increases stopping distances, and can cause stone chips to your vehicle or others. Drive at reduced speeds (30-50 km/h), maintain a safe distance from other vehicles to avoid flying stones, and avoid sudden braking or steering maneuvers.
Seasonal Conditions
Summer
Warm temperatures, long daylight hours, and generally dry weather. Roads are typically in their best condition, though RP71 can be very dusty.
Tips: Book accommodations and rental cars well in advance. Carry plenty of water. Dust on gravel roads can reduce visibility; use headlights and keep a safe distance from other vehicles.
Autumn
Cooler temperatures, often stunning fall foliage. Increased chance of rain, and early snow at higher elevations. Roads can become muddy or slippery.
Tips: Be prepared for changeable weather. Reduced speeds on wet gravel. Some less-trafficked routes may become soft or muddy. Services may start reducing hours towards the end of the season.
Winter
Cold, with frequent snow and ice. Many park attractions and services may be closed or operate on reduced schedules. Roads can be extremely challenging.
Tips: Winter tires and snow chains are essential and often mandatory. Drive very slowly, check road conditions daily with park authorities. Some areas may be accessible only with a 4x4.
Spring
Thawing snow, increased rainfall, potentially muddy and soft roads. Wildflowers begin to bloom. Weather can be highly unpredictable.
Tips: Roads can be very soft and prone to washouts after snowmelt. Check for recent rain and road stability. Be aware of rapidly changing conditions as snow melts and water levels rise.
Emergency Information
Breakdown
Local mechanics are available in Esquel and Trevelin. For rental cars, ensure you have the roadside assistance number provided by your company. Response times in remote areas of the park can be several hours or more.
Police
General emergency number: 911 (Argentina). Local police stations are in Esquel and Trevelin. Gendarmería Nacional (National Border Guard) maintains a presence within the park for safety and enforcement.
Towing
Limited towing services operate from Esquel and Trevelin. Towing costs from within the national park can be very high due to the distance and challenging road conditions. Always check your rental car's insurance policy regarding towing.
Cell Coverage
Cell phone coverage is sparse to non-existent within Los Alerces National Park, particularly on Ruta Provincial 71 and in remote areas around the lakes. You will typically find good coverage only in Esquel and Trevelin. Consider renting a satellite phone or carrying a personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergencies if venturing off main routes.
Parking Guide
Parking is generally available at all major visitor centers, trailheads, viewpoints, and official campgrounds within Los Alerces National Park. Most parking is free. Some established campgrounds may include designated parking within their nightly fees. Overnight parking is strictly permitted only at official campgrounds or designated overnight areas (always confirm with park rangers). Avoid parking on the shoulders of main roads, especially on curves or narrow sections, as it obstructs traffic and can be dangerous. Always secure your vehicle and do not leave valuables visible, as petty theft can occur even in natural areas.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What type of car do I need for Los Alerces National Park?
An SUV with good ground clearance is highly recommended for comfort and safety, especially for driving on the gravel sections of Ruta Provincial 71. While a sedan might manage in summer, it's not ideal for the rougher terrain and increases the risk of damage. A 4x4 is best for winter or exploring less-maintained tracks.
Are the roads paved inside Los Alerces National Park?
No, the main internal park road (Ruta Provincial 71) is primarily gravel (ripio). Only short sections near visitor centers or main entrances might be paved. Be prepared for unpaved conditions throughout the park.
Where can I get fuel near Los Alerces National Park?
The closest fuel stations are in the nearby towns of Esquel and Trevelin. There are no fuel stations inside the national park, so it's crucial to fill up your tank before entering, especially if you plan extended drives within the park.
Is cell phone reception reliable in the park?
Cell phone reception is generally very poor to non-existent within Los Alerces National Park, particularly on the gravel roads and in remote areas. Expect to be without service for most of your time inside the park. Good coverage is only available in Esquel and Trevelin.
What are the main hazards when driving in Los Alerces?
Key hazards include loose gravel (ripio), strong Patagonian winds, wildlife crossings (cattle, horses, guanacos), dust on dry days, and potential for ice or snow in colder months. Always drive cautiously and be prepared for changing conditions.
Do I need snow chains in winter?
Yes, snow chains are often mandatory when driving in Los Alerces National Park during winter (June-September), especially on Ruta Provincial 71, depending on snow and ice conditions. Winter tires are also legally required during this period. Always carry them and know how to fit them if traveling in winter.
Can I drive a regular sedan in the park during summer?
While it's technically possible to drive a regular sedan on RP71 in summer, it is not recommended. The gravel roads can be very rough, with washboarding and loose stones that can damage a low-clearance vehicle. An SUV will provide a much more comfortable and safer experience.
Are there speed limits on the gravel roads?
Yes, the official speed limit on gravel roads like RP71 is typically 60 km/h. However, due to the challenging nature of ripia, it is often safer and highly recommended to drive at much lower speeds, usually between 30-50 km/h, to maintain control and reduce the risk of accidents or vehicle damage.